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In this article we will analyse the operation of the plate filter press. The plate filter press (or filter press) is an industrial machine whose main purpose is to provide for the dewatering of a fluid (often called sludge) that is conveyed inside it by pumping it under pressure.
What is called ‘dewatering’ in technical jargon is precisely the action of reducing the volume of liquid substances with suspended solids inside.
Solid-liquid separation by means of a filter press is the system that offers the best results in terms of dry solid concentration obtainable in comparison with other dewatering systems.
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The filter press is therefore a very flexible machine and can be used in many sectors, for example:
-Wastewater treatment;
-Dewatering of sludge of civil and industrial origin;
-Metallurgical;
-Chrome recovery, galvanic bath treatment and/or surface treatment;
-Food;
-Palm and olive oil production, must filtration and polishing;
-Cave and aggregates;
-Separation and reuse of water used in the process;
-Chemical and pharmaceuticals;
-Manufacturing processes of medicines, antibiotics but also of acids and chemicals in general;
-Soil washing;
-Wastewater treatment of contaminated sites;
-Mineral industry;
-Disposal of waste and recycling substances important in the metal and mineral industry.
A filter press (or also filter press) with plates is a machine consisting of a robust metal structure made up of a fixed header, a header holding the plate and a movable header.
It is simple to analyse the operation of the plate filter press: the moving head, which slides between two stringers connecting the fixed head to the jack head, is pushed forwards or pulled backwards by the action of a hydraulic cylinder capable of exerting a very high force that keeps a series of plates, which are the supporting elements of the filter cloths, close to each other.
The sludge is pumped into the chambers formed by the plates, and the liquid in which the sludge is suspended is forced to filter through a series of cloths covering the walls of the plates.
The particular conformation of the plates allows the sludge to be fed and the filtrate to exit through a series of holes generally drilled in the fixed header.
